1.ANSI Grade and Standard for Plywood
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| Face Grades |
A Grade |
B Grade |
C Grade |
D Grade |
| Birch, Ash, Maple and Poplar: Rotary-Cut, Plain-Sliced |
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| Pin Knots and Small Burls, Comb. Avg. |
ANSI |
10- 4 to 1/4" |
16- 8 to 1/4" |
No Limit |
No Limit |
| Conspicuous Burls, Max. |
ANSI |
3/8" |
1/2" |
No Limit |
No Limit |
| Sound and Repaired Knots in Comb |
ANSI |
No |
4 |
8 |
10 |
| Repaired Knots |
ANSI |
No |
4 to 1/8" |
4 to 1/2" |
5 to 3/4" |
| Mineral Streaks |
ANSI |
Slight |
Slight |
Yes |
Yes |
| Vine |
ANSI |
Slight |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
| Rough Cut |
ANSI |
No |
Slight |
Two 8" Areas |
5% of Panel |
| Blended Repaired Tapering Hairline Splits |
ANSI |
Two 1/16" x 6" |
Four 1/8" x 8" |
Four 3/16" x 8" |
Six 1/4" x 10" |
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Cherry Photo Sample |
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| Face Grades |
A Grade |
B Grade |
C Grade |
| Red and White Oak: Rotary-Cut, Quarter-Cut, Plain-Sliced |
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| Pin Knots and Small Burls, Comb. Avg. |
ANSI |
12- 10 to 1/4" |
24- 16 to 1/4" |
No Limit |
| Sound and Repaired Knots in Comb |
ANSI |
No |
4 |
8 |
| Repaired Knots |
ANSI |
No |
4 to 1/8" |
4 to 1/2" |
| Mineral Streaks |
ANSI |
Slight |
Few to 8" |
Yes to 12" |
| Sap |
ANSI |
5% |
Up to 20% |
Yes |
| Blended Repaired Tapering Hairline Splits |
ANSI |
Two 1/16" x 6" |
Four 1/8" x 8" |
Four 3/16" x 8" |
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| Back Grades |
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1 Back |
2 Back |
3 Back |
4 Back |
| Sound Tight Knots |
ANSI |
16 to 3/8" |
16 to 3/4" |
Max 16 1/2"-1 1/2 |
Yes |
| Knotholes |
ANSI |
No |
All Repaired |
All 3/8" 10 to 1 |
Up to 4" |
| Repaired Knots |
ANSI |
No |
8 to 1/2" |
Not |
No |
| Sound Tight Burls |
ANSI |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
| Mineral/Sap |
ANSI |
Yes/Yes |
Yes/Yes |
Yes/Yes |
Yes/Yes |
| Rough Cut |
ANSI |
Two 8" Dia. Areas |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
| Joints or Splits |
ANSI |
Six 1/8" x 12" Rep’rd |
Six 3/16" x 12” Rep’rd |
3/8" x 1/4" LOP |
1" to 1/4 LOP, 1/2" to 1/2 LOP, 1/4" to Full LOP |
| Cherry Photo Sample |
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2.Types of Veneer Cutting |
| Rotary Slicing
Rotary sliced veneers are produced by placing a log on a lathe and slicing in line with the growth rings, much like unrolling a roll of paper. A very random and broad pattern is produced, which makes it difficult to match at veneer edges. For this reason, rotary slicing is rarely used. |
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| Rift Slicing
Like quarter slicing, rift sliced veneers produce a straight line pattern across the face. However, rift slicing is done slightly off the radius lines, which reduces the fleck or figure that is produced by quarter slicing. Rift slicing is mostly done with oak; rarely with other species. |
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| Plain Slicing
Plain slicing is the most common method of cutting a log, where the slice is parallel to the center cut of a log. It produces a cathedral pattern at the center of the leaf and a straight pattern at the sides. |
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| Quarter Slicing
Quarter sliced veneers produce a straight line pattern across the face of the veneer. The density of lines varies across a log and among different species. Some hardwoods, including oak and sometimes maple, have a secondary pattern of flecks, which is referred to as "figure," which many designers find to be attractive. Quarter sliced veneers are more expensive than plain sliced. |
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3.Veneer Matching Technique
It is possible to achieve certain visual effects by the manner in which leaves are arranged. As noted, rotary veneers are difficult to match, therefore most matching is done with sliced veneers. Ceilings Plus will furnish "Book Matching" for all veneers except Maple. "Slip Matching" will be used for Maple. Please see the tables as follows; |
| Book Matching |
Slip Matching |
Random Matching |
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